Introduction
Ecosystems, food chains, 10% energy law, ozone depletion, and waste management.
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Ecology and Environment
Food chain: producer->primary consumer->secondary->tertiary. 10% energy passes to next level. Decomposers recycle nutrients. Ozone(O3) absorbs UV; CFCs deplete it; Montreal Protocol(1987). Biodegradable(food,paper) vs non-biodegradable(plastic). Biomagnification: toxins concentrate up food chain.
Key Points
- •10% energy transfer per trophic level
- •Max 4-5 levels in food chain
- •Ozone: UV protection; CFCs deplete
- •Biomagnification: toxins increase upward
- •3Rs: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
Quick Summary
- ✓10% energy law
- ✓Ozone protects from UV; CFCs deplete
- ✓Biodegradable vs non-biodegradable; 3Rs
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