Key Concepts
- 1What is the Green Revolution? What were its impacts?
Important Formulas & Facts
Green Revolution (1960s-70s): Introduction of HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers, irrigation, and modern farming techniques — led by M.S. Swaminathan. Mainly affected wheat and rice in Punjab, Haryana, western UP. Positive: India became food self-sufficient, famines eliminated, farm productivity increased. Negative: (1) Regional disparity — benefited only irrigated areas. (2) Environmental damage — soil degradation, water table decline. (3) Chemical pollution. (4) Rich farmers benefited more — inequality increased. (5) Crop diversity reduced (monoculture).
Must-Know Questions
Q1Which of the following is a Kharif crop?
Rice is a Kharif crop sown with the onset of the monsoon (June-July) and harvested in September-October. Other Kharif crops include jowar, bajra, maize, cotton, and jute.
Q2Which revolution led to an increase in the production of wheat and rice in India?
The Green Revolution in the late 1960s and 1970s led to a significant increase in the production of wheat and rice through the use of High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilisers, and irrigation.
Q3Jhum cultivation is a type of:
Jhum cultivation (slash and burn) is a type of primitive subsistence farming practised in the hilly and forested regions of north-east India. A patch of forest is cleared by burning, and crops are grown until the soil loses fertility.
Q4Which of the following states is the largest producer of tea in India?
Assam is the largest producer of tea in India, followed by West Bengal (Darjeeling), Tamil Nadu, and Kerala. Tea requires warm and moist climate, well-drained slopes, and acidic soil.
Q5Which crop is known as the 'golden fibre'?
Jute is known as the 'golden fibre' because of its shiny golden colour. India is the largest producer of raw jute. It grows well in the fertile alluvial soil of the Ganga-Brahmaputra delta.
Practice Agriculture
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