Key Concepts
- 1What is the difference between conventional and non-conventional energy sources?
Important Formulas & Facts
Conventional: Coal, petroleum, natural gas, nuclear, hydroelectric. Characteristics: widely used, mostly non-renewable (except hydro), cause pollution, established infrastructure. Non-conventional: Solar, wind, biogas, tidal, geothermal. Characteristics: renewable, cleaner, less pollution, but higher initial cost and lower reliability. India's energy scenario: 65% thermal (coal), 22% hydro, 3% nuclear, 10% renewable (growing). India targets 500 GW renewable capacity by 2030.
Must-Know Questions
Q1Which of the following is a ferrous mineral?
Iron ore is a ferrous mineral (containing iron). Ferrous minerals account for about three-fourths of total value of metallic mineral production. They provide a strong base for the development of metallurgical industries.
Q2The Bailadila range in Chhattisgarh is famous for:
The Bailadila range in Chhattisgarh has very high grade hematite iron ore deposits. It has the best quality iron ore in India with iron content of over 70%. Much of it is exported to Japan and South Korea.
Q3Which of the following is a non-metallic mineral?
Mica is a non-metallic mineral used in the electrical and electronic industries due to its excellent insulating properties. India has the largest reserves and is a leading producer of mica.
Q4The largest coal-producing state in India is:
Jharkhand (particularly the Damodar valley — Jharia, Raniganj, Bokaro) is the largest coal-producing state in India. Coal is found in rock series of two main geological ages — Gondwana (most coal) and Tertiary deposits.
Q5Mumbai High is associated with:
Mumbai High (about 176 km offshore from Mumbai) is India's most important offshore oil field. It was discovered in 1974 and produces a significant share of India's total crude oil production.
Practice Minerals and Energy Resources
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